upgrade debian 11 to 12

apt update
apt upgrade
apt update
apt full-upgrade
apt autoremove
apt --purge autoremove
reboot
apt-mark showhold
apt list '?narrow(?installed, ?not(?origin(Debian)))'
mkdir ~/apt
cp /etc/apt/sources.list ~/apt
cp -r /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ ~/apt
cp /etc/apt/sources.list ~/apt
cp -r /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ ~/apt
sed -i 's/bullseye/bookworm/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
sed -i 's/bullseye/bookworm/g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*
nano /etc/apt/sources.list
apt update
apt upgrade --without-new-pkgs
apt full-upgrade

fazer o chroot num sistema com debian - novo!

começamos por arrancar com o debian live e de seguida:
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt (Mounted the rootfs)
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/boot/efi/ (Mounted the EFI boot partition)
mount /dev/sdaX /mnt/home (Only if you have separate partitions for /HOME)

montamos as diversas partições e fazemos o chroot de seguida:
for name in proc sys dev ; do mount --bind /$name /mnt/$name; done
mount --bind /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/etc/resolv.conf
chroot /mnt/ /bin/bash

Subscrever debian